Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials
The Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials is an esteemed international peer-reviewed (Double-blinded), open-access journal, established in 2017 through a collaboration between L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University (Astana, Kazakhstan), Republican Public Association "Physical-Technical Society" (Astana, Kazakhstan), and the International Intergovernmental Organization "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research" (Dubna, Russian Federation). The journal's primary objective is to offer authors from Kazakhstan and various other countries a platform to publish and engage in discussions regarding research outcomes in nuclear and particle physics, materials science, radiation ecology, and alternative energy. Since 2018, the Journal has been indexed in Scopus. Continuously adapting to the evolving needs and challenges of the scientific community, the Journal maintains a commitment to maintaining a high standard of quality and innovation in scholarly publishing. Its scope includes nuclear physics, alternative energy (including nuclear and hydrogen, photovoltaics, new energy sources, energy efficiency and conservation, and the environmental impact of the energy sector), and functional materials and related high technology issues. The Journal publishes articles in English on a quarterly basis (March, June, September, and December), encompassing original articles and review articles. Additionally, it is indexed in various databases including Index Copernicus International Ltd Poland, CrossRef (World), Google Scholar, Science Library Index (Meadow Springs, Mandurah State, Australia), Scilit (Basel, Switzerland), ResearchBib (World), Ulrichsweb, CiteFactor, DOAJ, Russian Science Citation Index (e-library), and the Committee for Quality Assurance in the Field of Science and Higher Education of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan. See the Aims and Scope for a complete coverage of the journal.
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Corrosion of zirconium alloy before and after CrN coating deposition
In this work, the effect of various types of heat treatment, steam and air oxidation on the structure, phase composition, and corrosion properties of the zirconium alloy E110 with a CrN coating deposited by the reactive magnetron sputtering method was investigated. It was found that at a temperature of 800 ◦ C , the coating retains a dense and homogeneous structure with high adhesion, whereas at 1100 ◦ C , partial delamination and cracking of the layer are observed due to thermal stresses. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the main phases are represented by α -Zr and CrN. After heat treatment, slight changes in diffraction peak intensity were observed, and weak reflections that may correspond to metallic chromium were detected. Oxidation experiments in an air atmosphere at 700 ◦ C showed that the CrN coating significantly reduces mass gain and oxidation rate compared to the uncoated alloy. Steam corrosion tests at 1100 ◦ C confirmed that the CrN coating effectively prevents oxygen diffusion, preserving the structure and integrity of the layer. According to the results of electrochemical tests in 3.5 wt.% NaCl, the corrosion current density decreased from 3.63 µA/cm 2 to 1.03 µA/cm 2 , and the corrosion rate decreased from 0.0053 mm/year to 0.0000185 mm/year . The obtained data indicate that optimal heat treatment at 800 ◦ C followed by steam oxidation ensures the formation of a durable, heat-resistant, and corrosion-resistant CrN coating that effectively protects the zirconium alloy E110 from aggressive environments.
Structural transformations of Fe-based metallic glasses after thermal treatment and the effect of these changes on their thermal stability
The wide-ranging applications of amorphous materials are highly dependent on their thermal stability. In this study, variations in activation energy during different thermal treatment regimes of Fe92Si6C2 amorphous ribbons were investigated using the DSC analysis method. The results revealed that the amorphous phase of the material transitions into various crystalline phases through a sequential formation process. Calculations based on the Ozawa method determined the activation energy to be 143 kJ/mol. This value confirms the material’s high thermal stability and its suitability for operation within the temperature range of 0–100◦C. The findings of this study provide both scientific and practical insights into understanding the behavior of amorphous materials in thermal processes and optimizing their industrial applications.
Detection system of DGFRS-2 setup: simulation of heavy recoil spectra and radiation limits
The detection system of the DGFRS-2 setup was employed in long-term experiments using ion beams of 40Ar , 48Ca , 50Ti , and 54Cr from the DC-280 cyclotron at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (FLNR JINR). The registered energy spectra of recoiled superheavy nuclei were compared to calculated spectra, and satisfactory agreement was achieved. Additionally, radiation effects observed during prolonged irradiation were investigated. These effects included the growth of leakage current in the DSSD focal detector as well as limitations on the use of silicon detectors and the application of ER spectra modeling in long-term experiments. A representative example illustrating the increase in leakage current of a DSSD detector during the experiment is presented. An attempt to predict the lifetime of the DSSD detector in experiments at the DGFRS-2 setup is proposed, based on simple scaling of radiation damage effects using the non-ionizing energy loss (NIEL) concept.
Influence of stoichiometry on phase composition and crystal structure of compounds of the AgxCu1−xGaSe2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) system used to obtain photocathodes
The AgxCu1−xGaSe2 semiconductor compound is considered as one of the promising materials for creating photocathodes, which are used to generate hydrogen by photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting under solar radiation. In this paper, the effect of the silver and copper ratio in the AgxCu1−xGaSe2 system ( 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0 ) on their phase composition, crystal structure and loss kinetics of photogenerated current carries is investigated using electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and time-resolved microwave photoconductivity method. It is shown that the synthesized compounds of the AgxCu1−xGaSe2 system generally do not have deviations from stoichiometry for gallium and selenium, as well as for copper and silver for the edge compounds. However, in compounds with x in the range from 0.2 to 0.5 , there is a deviation of the mole fractions of silver ( x ) and, accordingly, copper from the technological ones, mainly at x = 0.3 and 0.4 , while for other values of x , no significant deviations were found. It has been established that the CuGaSe2 and AgGaSe2 edge compounds crystallized in a tetragonal structure of the chalcopyrite type and are single-phase. Whereas the compounds of the AgxCu1−xGaSe2 system at x < 0.3 and x > 0.6 form a solid solution and have a lattice matrix of the CuGaSe2 and AgGaSe2 type, respectively. And at x in the range of 0.3 – 0.6 , partial mixing of these phases occurs with the formation of solid solutions and phase splitting. The analysis of loss kinetics of photo-generated current carriers by the method of microwave photoconductivity showed that the longest lifetimes are characteristic for x = 0 and x = 1 . This is due to the large number of defects in AgxCu1−xGaSe2 , which are deep traps for photogenerated current carriers, compared to CuGaSe2 and AgGaSe2
Hydrogen and methane production using engineered microbes integrated with functional nanomaterials catalyst: A comprehensive review Running Title: Nanomaterial-Enhanced Microbial Bio-fuel Production
The global energy transition toward sustainable systems demands biological hydrogen and methane production as clean alternatives to fossil fuels. This comprehensive review examines recent advances in bio-hydrogen and bio-methane production through the synergistic integration of genetically engineered microorganisms with functional nanomaterial catalysts. We analyze breakthrough studies from 2024–2025 demonstrating how synthetic biology approaches, particularly CRISPR-Cas9-mediated metabolic engineering, coupled with strategically deployed nanomaterials, have revolutionized biofuel production efficiency. Conjugated polymer-bacterial biohybrid systems have achieved hydrogen evolution rates exceeding 3.4 mmol g− 1h− 1 , representing over 30-fold improvements compared to conventional systems. Similarly, nanomaterial supplementation in anaerobic digestion systems has enhanced methane yields by 35–80% depending on nanoparticle composition and concentration. We examine the mechanistic foundations of electron transfer enhancement, metabolic pathway optimization through genome editing, and the catalytic roles of metallic, metal oxide, and carbon-based nanomaterials. Critical challenges including nanomaterial biotoxicity, scale-up limitations, and regulatory frameworks are addressed alongside future research directions. This review provides a comprehensive roadmap for developing commercially viable integrated biological-nanomaterial systems for sustainable energy production, directly contributing to renewable energy advancement and environmental impact mitigation.
Radiation-resistance in alternative energy systems: A critical approach to microbial fuel cells adapted for extreme environments
The quest for sustainable energy systems that function in severe settings has generated interest in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) utilizing radiation-resistant bacteria. These extremophiles, such as Deinococcus radiodurans, Thermococcus gammatolerans, and Rubrobacter radiotolerans, exhibit remarkable DNA repair systems, antioxidative defenses, and protein-protection mechanisms that facilitate prolonged metabolic activity in the presence of strong ionizing radiation. This review aims to critically assess recent advances in electrode nanomaterials, biofilm engineering, and system optimization approaches to improve microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance. In contrast to traditional electrogens like Shewanella oneidensis and Geobacter sulfurreducens, which quickly deteriorate under radiation stress, these organisms preserve their extracellular electron transfer (EET) capability and biofilm integrity in adverse conditions. Their incorporation into MFCs broadens prospective uses in space exploration, radioactive waste treatment, deep subterranean bioenergy extraction, and autonomous environmental surveillance. In interplanetary environments, radiation-resistant microbial fuel cells could supply continuous electricity for life-support systems and instruments in scenarios where solar energy is inconsistent. In nuclear reactors and polluted locations, they could concurrently immobilize radionuclides and produce power for distant sensors. Deep systems may utilize native extremophiles to facilitate seismic and hydrogeological monitoring, whilst autonomous biosensors could function in disaster areas for prolonged environmental surveillance. By integrating extremophile resilience with MFC adaptability, these systems provide a self-sustaining, low-maintenance power source that operates effectively in environments where traditional bio-electrochemical technologies are ineffective. The review examines microbial adaptations to radiation, material degradation in radioactive conditions, electron transport pathways, and the contribution of extremophiles to the enhancement of MFC performance. Utilizing these creatures for energy production signifies a new frontier in bioenergy research, with considerable ramifications for planetary science, nuclear safety, and sustainable infrastructure in harsh conditions.
The band structure of semiconducting tetragonal Na4Cu2S3 phase
The band structure of Na2-xCuxS compounds has been calculated from first principles. According to the obtained results, the Na4Cu2S3 compound exhibits semiconducting properties. The Na4Cu2S3 compound has the band gap 2.164 eV and is characterized by a high density of states near the Fermi level. Recommended Citation Davletshina, Alisa D.; Yakshibaev, Robert A.; Balapanov, Malik Kh.; and Kubenova, Marzhan M. (2024) "The band structure of semiconducting tetragonal Na4Cu2S3 phase," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 4, Article 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1236
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А method for studying the electrical capacity of a ZrO2-based nanopowder system
This article discusses the methodological aspects of the electrical capacitance study of the zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) based nanoparticles. The methods of selection of the nanoparticle material and the method of its applying are described, along with the technological processes for obtaining dense compacts using high hydrostatic pressure, and the method of its applying are described. A detailed description of the nanoparticle selection, along with the high hydrostatic pressure method used for transforming into dense compacts is provided. The experimental setup, as well, as the technique of electrical contact’s application for measuring the electrical capacitance of nanopowder compacts and the results of test experiments are presented. Recommended Citation Altynbassova, Altyn J.; Doroshkevich, Aleksandr S.; Appazov, Nurbol O.; Kibardina, Elena A.; Ainabekova, Saule S.; Moreno, Anthony C. Perez; and Slavkova, Zdravka (2024) "А method for studying the electrical capacity of a ZrO2-based nanopowder system," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 4, Article 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1235
Development of a Chromium (VI) Biosensor Using Silver-Modified Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Gelatin and Carbon Electrodes
Detection of chromium (VI) metal ions using fish gelatin-based electrodes and silvermodified carbon electrodes (FGC-AgE) has been successfully developed. Chromium (VI) is a toxic heavy metal commonly found in contaminated water sources and poses significant risks to human health and the environment. Therefore, monitoring and control of Cr (VI) are very important. The purpose of this study was to develop a sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor for detecting Cr (VI) in water. The research stages include: (1) extraction of fish gelatin, (2) fabrication of FGC-AgE working electrodes, and (3) analysis of electrode performance. The tests include optimization of pH, concentration effects, selectivity to other ions, and repeatability tests. All analyses were carried out using the cyclic voltammetry method in the potential range of -1000 mV to +1000 mV with a scanning rate of 100 mV/s. The results showed that FGC-AgE worked optimally under alkaline conditions, with the highest current response at a potential of -0.249 V. This electrode has a measuring range of 1-7 μM, a detection limit of 0.295 μM and a sensitivity of 14.32 μA.μM⁻¹.mm⁻². In addition, FGC-AgE showed high selectivity towards Cr (VI) and was not affected by the presence of other metal ions such as iron, cadmium, lead, copper, and chromium (III). Repeated tests showed consistent electrode performance. In summary, FGC-AgE electrode has the potential to be an effective and reliable alternative for detecting Cr (VI) ions in the future. Recommended Citation Hutapea, Tri Paus Hasiholan; Muliyadi, Muliyadi; Rukisah, Rukisah; Suprapto, Suprapto; and Kurniawan, Fredy (2024) "Development of a Chromium (VI) Biosensor Using Silver-Modified Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Gelatin and Carbon Electrodes," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 4, Article 3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1234
Effect of ion-induced dislocation hardening on diffusion and gas swelling mechanisms in carbide ceramics
The paper presents the assessment results of the application of the method of ion modification of the near-surface layer of SiC ceramics in order to create a dislocation hardening effect to enhance the resistance of ceramics to helium swelling and embrittlement. Interest in this topic is due to the possibilities of expanding the practical application of ion modification in the field of structural materials used in extreme conditions. The choice of heavy ions for the targeted modification of the near-surface layer of ceramics is based on a hypothesis, which is based on the assumption that the isolated structural distortions created in the near-surface layer during the interaction of incident ions with the crystal structure can have a barrier effect on the ballistic nature of the migration of complex defects of the He-V type, as well as implanted helium into the material due to changes in the dislocation density in the damaged layer. According to tribological test data, it was established that the use of Ar8+, Kr15+ ions with fluences of 1012 - 1013 ion/cm2 allows surface wear rate reduction during mechanical wear tests during determination of the dry friction coefficient. The observed effect of enhancement of the resistance to the damaged layer destruction caused by the accumulation of structural damage due to a rise in the concentration of implanted He2+ ions (in this case, the irradiation fluence and the value of atomic displacements are implied) is due to the creation of additional dislocation defects and distortions caused by the impact of heavy ions. The assessment results of the change in the values of the hardness of the damaged layer along the trajectory of the He2+ ions revealed that the creation of structural distortions due to preliminary irradiation with heavy ions creates additional barriers for the diffusion expansion of the damaged layer in depth, from which it follows that the created effect of dislocation hardening due to irradiation with low fluences of heavy ions in the near-surface layer plays a positive effect on enhancement of the resistance to destruction caused by gas swelling. Recommended Citation Shlimas, Dmitriy. I.; Borgekov, Daryn B.; Tynyshbayeva, Kymbat M.; Giniyatova, Sholpan G.; Moldabayeva, Gulnaz Zh.; and Kozlovskiy, Artem L. (2024) "Effect of ion-induced dislocation hardening on diffusion and gas swelling mechanisms in carbide ceramics," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 4, Article 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1233
Elastic scattering of deuteron beam on 6 Li nuclei in the context of the cluster model
In the context of the cluster model applied to the nuclear reaction d + 6Li at a laboratory energy of 171 MeV, the nucleus 6Li was examined within the framework of an α + p + n cluster model. The three-body model concept was incorporated into the interaction potential for the d + 6Li system through the construction of a double-folding potential based on the three-body model. The computed double-folding potential was employed as the real component of the optical potential for analyzing the experimental differential cross-section of elastic scattering in the d + 6Li nuclear reaction at 171 MeV laboratory energy. Meanwhile, the imaginary component was derived from the Woods-Saxon potential. The parameters of the optical potential were adjusted to optimize agreement with experimental data. This study includes comparisons between the calculated semi-microscopic potential and a phenomenological potential, accomplished through differential cross-section analysis. Additionally, parameters of the potentials are presented in tabular form. The best agreement with experimental differential cross-sections was achieved using the computed folding potential, based on the three-body model, which clearly indicates the α + p + n cluster structure within the 6Li nucleus. Recommended Citation Tursunbayev, Nurbek T.; Baimurzinova, Bota S.; and Urazbekov, Bakytzhan A. (2024) "Elastic scattering of deuteron beam on 6 Li nuclei in the context of the cluster model," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 4, Article 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1231
Investigation of thermal and electrical properties of composite cathode materials Pr1−xSrxFe1−yCoyO3 (x= 0.3,0.4; y = 0.2): GDC and La2Ni1-xCoxO4+δ (x= 0.2): GDC for SOFC
The electrical and thermal properties of composite cathode materials Pr1−xSrxFe1−yCoyO3 (x= 0.3,0.4; y = 0.2):GDC and La2Ni1-xCoxO4+δ (x= 0.2):GDC for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) were investigated. As the second component of the composites, GDC electrolyte was chosen. The reason for this choice is that GDC has greater chemical inertness in relation to cathode materials compared to YSZ. Additionally, GDC is characterized by higher ionic conductivity, which makes it preferable for use in composites. The sintering kinetics of composite materials differs significantly from that of pure cathode materials, with the sintering temperature being several degrees lower for composite materials. Recommended Citation K.Zh., Bekmyrza; G.A., Bakalbayeva; A.M., Kabyshev; N.K., Aidarbekov; A.A., Baratova; M.M., Kubenova; G.D., Kabdrakhimova; and K.A., Kuterbekov (2024) "Investigation of thermal and electrical properties of composite cathode materials Pr1−xSrxFe1−yCoyO3 (x= 0.3,0.4; y = 0.2): GDC and La2Ni1-xCoxO4+δ (x= 0.2): GDC for SOFC," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 3, Article 7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1230
Mechanisms of intrinsic and impurity electron-hole trapping centers in K_3 Y〖(SO_4)〗_3-Eu and LiY〖(SO_4)〗_2-Eu double cation phosphors
The mechanisms of creation of intrinsic and impurity trapping centers, the interaction of which forms combined or induced electronic states under the conduction band, have been studied using optical and thermal activation spectroscopy. It is shown that electron-hole trapping centers are created when free electrons are trapped by impurities and ions of the matrix, as well as as a result of charge transfer from the excited anion to impurities and to neighboring ions by the reaction and (–. The hole component of the trapping center is formed when holes are localized above the valence band. During relaxation, the combined emission state decays with the transfer of energy from its own matrix to the emitters. Recommended Citation Tolekov, D.A.; Shamiyeva, R.K.; Alibay, T.T.; Salikhodzha, Zh.M.; Kainarbay, Asset Zh.; Sadykova, B.M.; Yussupbekova, B.N.; Nurpeissov, A.S.; Makhmet, Zh.K.; and Nazymkyzy, N. (2024) "Mechanisms of intrinsic and impurity electron-hole trapping centers in K_3 Y〖(SO_4)〗_3-Eu and LiY〖(SO_4)〗_2-Eu double cation phosphors," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 3, Article 6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1229
Exploration on the efficacy of Ag and CuO nanofluids for pouch lithium-ion batteries and its thermal management
Lithium-ion batteries still remain a cornerstone for the sustainable transportation by the way of its usage in electric vehicles (EVs). However, their optimal performance hinges on maintaining at consistent thermal conditions especially during operation, and at high discharge rates. The present study proposes a novel mini-channel cooling system specifically designed for a 10 Ah lithium-ion pouch cell. This innovative design incorporates cold plates on both battery surfaces for enhanced heat dissipation. In addition, the efficacy of silver (Ag) and copper oxide (CuO) nanofluid coolants by comparing with traditional water cooling in three distinct battery design configurations was also studied. Design 1 and 2 comprises respectively with partially and fully encased cold plates with mini-channels distributed both segmentally and centrally, and Design 3 the present proposed model featuring a fully covered cold plate with a serpentine flow layout for optimized heat transfer efficiency. Extensive computational analysis using ANSYS FLUENT 18.1 software reveals the superiority of Design 3. Notably, this configuration achieved significantly a lower maximum cell temperature (306.7 K and 305.0 K) with 0.25% and 0.5% Ag nanofluid coolants compared to Design 1 and 2, at a discharge rate of 5C. This underscores the potential of silver nanofluids for superior battery thermal management, particularly within the optimized Design 3 framework. These findings offer valuable insights for developing enhanced battery thermal management systems in EVs. Recommended Citation Dhanasekaran, Anitha; Subramanian, Yathavan; Dhanasekaran, Rajkumar; Gubendiran, Ramesh Kumar; Mafo, Abaniwo Rose; Raj, Veena; Yassin, Hayati; and Azad, Abul K (2024) "Exploration on the efficacy of Ag and CuO nanofluids for pouch lithium-ion batteries and its thermal management," Eurasian Journal of Physics and
Investigations on the Growth and Optical, Dielectric and Antibacterial activity of L-Leucine Barium Chloride crystals
In order to create single crystal of L-Leucine Barium Chloride (LLBC), double-distilled water was utilised as solvent in a solution strategy with a lengthy evaporation process. L-Leucine and Barium Chloride, both of which are of AR quality, were bought commercially and consumed in an equal amount. By slow evaporation method single crystals were formed after a period of about 30 days. Solubility tests for the crystal were carried out, and it was observed that solubility increases with temperature. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to carry out the XRD test to determine the crystal structure of the material and it was found to be orthorhombic. The sample's SHG effectiveness was found using Nd:YAG laser and green laser light was produced by the crystal. A microhardness tester was used to find the mechanical parameters of LLBC crystals, the hardness, work hardening coefficient, yield strength, stiffness constant, resistance pressure, fracture toughness, and brittleness index, have been evaluated to understand the sample's mechanical strength. Following the sample's linear optical exams, numerous linear optical properties of the sample have been computed. The antibacterial activity of four bacterial strains was studied to understand the prevention of the bacterial growth. Recommended Citation Tresa, M. Arul; Helina, B.; and Durai, S. C. Vella (2024) "Investigations on the Growth and Optical, Dielectric and Antibacterial activity of L-Leucine Barium Chloride crystals," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 3, Article 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1227
RF sputtered in-plane NiO-based lithium-metal microbattery
The goal to further increase energy and power density of conventional two-dimensional (2D) structured lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is driving research towards more complex three-dimensional (3D) batteries with large surface area and accordingly high active material mass loading. So far, many attempts have been implemented to prepare 3D structured LIBs. A highly developed 3D surface allows for a larger amount of active material to be deposited while maintaining a smaller thickness, thus avoiding the challenges associated with a thick electrode. Herein, this paper presents development of in-plane type 3D NiO thin film electrodes produced by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. The physico- and electro-chemical properties were studied depending on the post-annealing temperature which was in the range of 200-300 0C. It was shown that an in-plane NiO thin film anode with GPE can be developed to enable battery operation without the use of a commercial separator. As a gel-polymer electrolyte (GPE) was used poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PEO-PVDF-co-HFP). The in-plane 3D battery with PEO-PVDF-co-HFP GPE exhibited outstanding cycling stability of 60 cycles, delivering a capacity of 510 mAh g-1. The developed 3D battery, as a result, demonstrated improved cycling stability and electrochemical performance while effectively operating at 0.1C rate. Recommended Citation Tleukenov, Yer-Targyn; Yegamkulov, Mukagali; Raiymbekov, Yessimzhan; Nurpeissova, Arailym; Bakenov, Zhumabay; and Mukanova, Aliya (2024) "RF sputtered in-plane NiO-based lithium-metal microbattery," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 3, Article 3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1226
Electrical conductivity of GMZ grade graphite as a function of fast neutron fluence
The electrical conductivity of GMZ grade graphite irradiated by fast neutrons with fluence of 2.22*1019 n/cm2 in the temperature range of 298–448 K was studied. It is shown that the more neutrons fluence, than the more the electrical conductivity of the material decreases. Recommended Citation Alikulov, Sh.A.; Baytelesov, S.A.; Kungurov, F.R.; Sadikov, I.I.; Tojiboev, D.D.; Shaimerdenov, A.A.; Nogai, A.S.; and Uskenbaev, D.E. (2024) "Electrical conductivity of GMZ grade graphite as a function of fast neutron fluence," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 3, Article 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1225
Optimization Of The Photoactive Layer Thickness In Transparent Thin-Film Zno/P3ht:Pcbm Solar Cells
In this article, work was carried out to optimize the thickness of the photoactive layer in inverted solar cells based on ZnO. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/ZnO/P3HT:PCBM/MoO3/Ag organic solar cells were fabricated and characterized. The influence of the thickness of the photoactive layer on the morphology, optical and photoelectric properties of the solar cell has been studied. The surface topography of P3HT:PCBM was examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Increasing the thickness of the photoactive layer leads to an increase in the roughness of the film surface. Optical absorption spectra were measured. An increasing trend in absorption was clearly observed when moving from a thinner 85 nm film to a thicker 210 nm film. The P3HT:PCBM film thickness was optimized when deposited at various substrate rotation speeds, with the film produced at 500 rpm achieving a maximum photoconversion efficiency of 1.8%. Recommended Citation Abisheva, A.K.; Zeinidenov, A.K.; Aimukhanov, A.K.; and Ilyassov, B.R. (2024) "Optimization Of The Photoactive Layer Thickness In Transparent Thin-Film Zno/P3ht:Pcbm Solar Cells," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 3, Article 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1224
Thin films of polyanilines and polymer nanocomposites for the development of chemical sensors
The control and monitoring of humidity levels and the concentration of hazardous gases in the atmosphere are subjects of significant interest across various fields. Consequently, current research focuses primarily on the advancement of sensitive materials tailored for humidity and toxic gas sensors, aiming to achieve heightened performance and sensitivity while operating efficiently at ambient temperatures. Investigative efforts delve into exploring thin film compositions comprising polyanilines and their derivatives, as well as polymer nanocomposites, with the intention of fabricating chemical sensors. Diverse configurations of chemical sensors, manifesting as thin-film electronic devices such as resistive and transistor structures, are under scrutiny. The surface morphology of these thin films is meticulously examined through scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the electrical characteristics, as elucidated by the current-voltage profiles, of resistive and transistor structures utilizing thin films of polyanilines and their derivatives alongside polymer nanocomposites, are analyzed in relation to variations in ambient humidity levels and concentrations of hazardous gases such as ammonia vapors. The outcomes of this investigation underscore the potential utility of organic compound-based thin films in the realm of chemical sensor development. Recommended Citation R.B, Salikhov; A.D, Ostaltsova; T.R, Salikhov; M.Kh, Balapanov; and Bugybayev, E.S. (2024) "Thin films of polyanilines and polymer nanocomposites for the development of chemical sensors," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 2, Article 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1187
Correlation between the direction of prompt neutrons and fragments in the fission process as a tool for studying rotation effect
This paper investigates the possibility of restoring the trajectory of fission fragments using thick targets that are opaque to the fragments, by analyzing the angular distribution of prompt neutrons. Employing thick targets in experimental studies with low-intensity neutron beams accelerate the accumulation of statistics, thereby facilitating the study of subtle effects, such as the rotation (ROT) effect which sheds light on the deformation and rotational behavior of fission fragments. The paper details the experimental techniques used, presents the results of neutron yield measurements from the fission of 235U with cold and “warm” (60 meV) neutrons in the range of angles from 0 to 360 degrees (in 22.5 degrees increments). The analysis of these is also presented. Recommended Citation Berikov, D.; Ahmadov, G.; Kopatch, Yu.; Nuruyev, S.; Mendibayev, K.; and Ahmadov, F. (2024) "Correlation between the direction of prompt neutrons and fragments in the fission process as a tool for studying rotation effect," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 2, Article 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1191
Utilizing TiO2 nanostructures to synthesize plate-like Bi4Ti3O12 templates via molten salt method
Plate-like Bi4Ti3O12 templates were synthesized through the molten salt method using TiO2 nanostructures. The effect of sintering temperature on the structure, morphologies, and dielectric properties of Bi4Ti3O12 templates was investigated. Experimental results showed that the single-phase Bi4Ti3O12 templates were successfully obtained within a temperature range of 950–1050 oC. With increasing sintering temperature, the plate-like Bi4Ti3O12 templates were formed with the average length of the particles increasing and reaching a maximum value of 9.5 µm at 1050 °C before decreasing. The grain size followed a gradual spreading mechanism, where the Bi4Ti3O12 nuclei diffused to the growth steps, forming larger plate-like particles and eventually Bi4Ti3O12 templates. In addition, Bi4Ti3O12 templates sintered at 1050 °C demonstrated superior performance, with a high dielectric constant of 595 and low dielectric loss of 0.042 compared to the other samples. This performance aligns with their degree of orientation, relative density, and grain size development. Experimental findings further revealed that Bi4Ti3O12 possesses potential for ferroelectric properties, with a remanent polarization of 6.9 µC/cm2. These results provide valuable insights for selecting orientation templates to fabricate textured ceramics. Recommended Citation Tu, Le Tran Uyen and Vuong, Le Dai (2024) "Utilizing TiO2 nanostructures to synthesize plate-like Bi4Ti3O12 templates via molten salt method," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 2, Article 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1190
The neutron imaging studies of the metal archaeological objects from the Eleke Sazy complex
Методами нейтронной радиографии и томографии изучены особенности внутреннего строения крупных металлических предметов, найденных в культурно-мемориальном комплексе Елеке Сазы в Республике Казахстан. Изучены бронзовая пластина, наконечник стрелы и фрагмент металлического удила. Реконструированы 3D-модели исследуемых объектов, получено пространственное распределение металлов и продуктов коррозии, выявлены паяльные восстановительные соединения. Recommended Citation Zhomartova, Ayazhan Zh.; Nazarov, Kuanysh M.; Kenessarin, Murat; Samashev, Zainolla S.; Zhumatayev, Rinat S.; Janseitov, Daniyar M.; and Kichanov, Sergey E. (2024) "The neutron imaging studies of the metal archaeological objects from the Eleke Sazy complex," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 2, Article 3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1189
High-Temperature Thermally Stimulated Luminescence Of The Nacl And Nacl-Li Crystals
This study delves into the investigation of the nature of high-temperature peaks observed in the thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) of X-irradiated crystals of NaCl and NaCl-Li in a broad temperature range from 300 to 800 K. The research was conducted using the thermoluminescent dosimetric apparatus Harshaw 3500 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). The analysis revealed high-temperature TSL peaks categorized as Type I (360÷400К) and Type II (495÷620К), which are attributed to the thermal degradation of halogen defects, specifically - and -centers, respectively. In NaCl-Li crystals, an experimental effect of increased light yield from Type II TSL peaks was observed. It intensifies with an increase in lithium concentration, and at lithium concentrations of 400 ppm intensity growth reaches two orders of magnitude higher (105→107) compared to pure NaCl crystals. The intense Type II TSL peaks (535÷570К) correlate with the increase in lithium concentration and the high-temperature incorporation of lithium into the NaCl-Li lattice. They serve as experimental evidence showcasing the efficiency of electron excitations decaying into radiation defects in the field of lithium ions under X-ray radiation exposure. Recommended Citation Shunkeyev, K.; Sagimbayeva, Sh.; Myasnikova, L.; Istlyaup, A.; and Kenzhebayeva, A. (2024) "High-Temperature Thermally Stimulated Luminescence Of The Nacl And Nacl-Li Crystals," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 2, Article 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69912/2616-8537.1188
Concentration polarization and ionic conductivity of nanocomposite thermoelectric materials K0.01Cu1.94S, K0.02Cu1.94S, K0.03Cu1.94S
The paper presents experimental results of concentration polarization and ionic conductivity of nanocom- posite thermoelectric materials K0.01Cu1.94S , K0.02Cu1.94S , K0.03Cu1.94S . According to X-ray phase analysis, the synthesized samples are monoclinic jarleite Cu1.93÷1.97S with an admixture of oxygen ox- ide Cu2S and monoclinic chalcocyte. High values of total ionic conductivity are observed, ranging from 0.86 to 1.5 Cm/cm. The lowest ionic conductivity (0.86 Cm/cm at 355 ◦ C) is observed for alloy K0.02Cu1.94S . In addition, it was found that with an increase in the concentration of potassium in the studied materials, ionic conductivity tends to decrease, activation energy increases, but the characteris- tics of ion transport remain high, corresponding to superionic materials Recommended Citation Kubenova, M. M.; Balapanov, M. Kh.; Kuterbekov, K. A.; Akhmetgaliev, B.; Ishembetov, R. Kh.; Almukhametov, R. F.; Zeleev, M.; Kabyshev, A. M.; Bekmyrza, K. Zh.; Alina, R.; Kondakirov, R. E.; and Kenzhebek, M. K. (2024) "Concentration polarization and ionic conductivity of nanocomposite thermoelectric materials K0.01Cu1.94S, K0.02Cu1.94S, K0.03Cu1.94S," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 1, Article 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32523/ejpfm.2024080105
Luminescence and creation of electron-hole trapping centers in alkali metal sulfates activated by Pb2+ impurity
The nature of the impurity emission and the process of creating intrinsic and impurity electron-hole trapping centers were studied by spectroscopic and thermal activation methods in Na2SO4 - Pb and K2SO4 - Pb phosphors. The combined radiative electronic state is formed from intrinsic SO3− 4 - SO− 4 and impurity Pb+ - SO− 4 electron-hole trapping centers in UV-irradiated phosphors with a photon en- ergy of 6.2 eV at 80 K. Emissions of 3.2 eV and 3.6 eV resulting from irradiation with photons with an energy of 6.2 eV are associated with intracenter transitions of 3p1 - 1s0 in Pb2+ located in nonequiva- lent positions of the Na2SO4 lattice Recommended Citation Nurakhmetov, T. N.; Shamieva, R. K.; Salikhodzha, Zh. M.; Temirkulova, N. I.; Alibay, T. T.; Sadykova, B. M.; Yussupbekova, B. N.; and Kabdulkak, A. A. (2024) "Luminescence and creation of electron-hole trapping centers in alkali metal sulfates activated by Pb2+ impurity," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 1, Article 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32523/ejpfm.2024080104
Study of the effect of combined reinforcement and modification of epoxy resin with rubbers on the impact strength of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic
The effect of modified epoxy resin with polyurethane, silicone, and butadiene rubber and combined reinforcement with fiberglass and Kevlar on the strength properties of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic was studied. It was found that when rubber is introduced into the composition of the epoxy resin, polyurethane, and combined reinforcement according to the carbon fiber/Kevlar scheme in a ratio of 10:10 leads to an increase in impact strength by 42% to 273 kJ/m2 and compressive strength increases by 35% to 575 MPa Recommended Citation Meiirbekov, M. N.; Ismailov, M. B.; Kenzhegulov, A. K.; Mustafa, L. M.; and Tashmukhanbetova, I. B. (2024) "Study of the effect of combined reinforcement and modification of epoxy resin with rubbers on the impact strength of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 1, Article 3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32523/ejpfm.2024080103
Determination of phase boundaries and diffusion coefficients of copper in spinel CuCr2Se4 and delafossite CuCrSe2 by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT)
Cux CrSe2 materials can exist in the form of delafossite with a layered structure and exhibit multiferroic properties, or in the form of spinel and exhibit ferromagnetic properties, depending on the copper concentration. The stability of both forms of Cux CrSe2 has been studied with regards to defectivity in the copper sublattice. The boundaries of the Cux CrSe2 homogeneity regions for the delafossite- like structure and for the cubic spinel CuCr2Se4 were determined by coulometric titration at room temperature. Analysis of the time dependence of cell polarization allowed us to estimate the diffusion coefficients in these materials Recommended Citation Onishenko, A. O.; Suslov, E. A.; Postnikov, M. S.; Shkvarin, A. S.; Titov, A. N.; and Merentsov, A. I. (2024) "Determination of phase boundaries and diffusion coefficients of copper in spinel CuCr2Se4 and delafossite CuCrSe2 by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT)," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 1, Article 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32523/ejpfm.2024080102
High Energy Approximation for Monte Carlo Event generator
Analysis of the nuclear physics experiment often requires Monte Carlo simulation of the detector setup. Such kind of simulations often requires a quite advanced model of nuclear interaction. In this work we describe application of Monte Carlo simulation in the nuclear physic experiment, and discuss on example of elastic scattering how to apply well known High Energy Approximation (or Glauber model) to Monte Carlo simulation of the experimental setup. Recommended Citation Ismailova, A. N.; Parfenova, Yu. L.; Sharov, P. G.; and Janseitov, D. M. (2024) "High Energy Approximation for Monte Carlo Event generator," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 8: No. 1, Article 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32523/ejpfm.2024080101
Stability of non-centrosymmetric phases in tetra-coordinated of LDTM intercalates
On the basis of comparison of temperature dependences of lattice parameters of CuCrSe2 and Cu0.5ZrSe2 in the temperature region including transition between phases with centrosymmetric and noncentrosymmetric distribution of copper on positions tetrahedrally coordinated by selenium. It is concluded that the critical factor that ensures the stability of the non- centrosymmetric copper distribution is the covalent interaction between copper and selenium sublattices. This effect is not related to the anisotropy of the elastic constants of the lattice and can be observed in other layered structures with copper tetrahedrally coordinated by chalcogen. Recommended Citation Shkvarin, A. S.; Postnikov, M.S.; Pryanichnikov, S. V.; and Titov, A. N. (2023) "Stability of non-centrosymmetric phases in tetra-coordinated of LDTM intercalates," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 7: No. 4, Article 6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32523/ejpfm.2023070406
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Study of the dependence of the degree of disordering of the surface layers of Si(111) and Ge(111) single crystals upon bombardment with low-energy ions
In the presented article, samples were studied using Auger electron spectroscopy, recording the angular dependences of the coefficient of elastically reflected electrons h, and spectroscopy of elastically reflected electrons. A change in the composition and degree of disorder of the surface layers of Si (111) was detected when bombarded with Ar+ and K+ ions with a change in energy E0 ∼ from 1 to 10 keV and ion dose from ∼ 1013 to 1017 cm−2. It was found that although the Ar and K atoms have the same masses, at the same ion energies, the degree of disordering of the near-surface Si(111) layer differs significantly. The observed effect is explained by the significant difference in their ionic radii. It is shown that at E0≥3 keV, the complete amorphization of near-surface layers occurs at relatively lower doses than surface amorphization. Recommended Citation Umirzakov, B. E.; Bekpulatov, I. R.; Imanova, G. T.; Turapov, I. Kh.; and Jumaev, J. M. (2023) "Study of the dependence of the degree of disordering of the surface layers of Si(111) and Ge(111) single crystals upon bombardment with low-energy ions," Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials: Vol. 7: No. 4, Article 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32523/ejpfm.2023070405